Can Vaping Cause Lung Cancer? Here's What We Know. Australian researchers have issued one of the strongest warnings yet about vaping, saying a major review of evidence suggests e cigarettes are likely to cause lung and oral cancer. The review found signs E Cigarette Smoke Causes Lung Cancer in Mice NYU Langone News The Side Effects and Cancer Risk Associated with Vaping A scientific review has raised fresh concerns about the long term cancer risks of vaping, concluding that e cigarettes are probably carcinogenic, while also acknowledging significant gaps in the evidence. The analysis of reviews